Static routes are used in
1) Stub networks
2) Small networks with very few routers
3) Hub and spoke topology
4) Direct connection to the ISP
Advantages of static routes
1) Easy to configure
2) Do not use up much bandwidth or CPU resources
Disadvantages of static routes
1) Need to reconfigure everytime the network changes
How to configure static routes
router (config) # ip route <network address> <subnet mask> <exit interface/next hop address>
where
network address is the address of the destination network
subnet mask is the subnet mask used by the destination network
exit interface - outgoing interface (faster lookup) (for point to point network)
next hop address - address of the neighbour router (slower lookup) (multiple access network)
Serial cables has DCE and DTE portions. DCE is connected to the ISP while DTE is connected to the router. DCE need to setup the clockrate IN THE LAB ONLY.
How to analyze a route in the routing table
R 10.0.0.0 [120/1] via 11.0.0.1, 00:00:19, Serial0/0/0
R - type of route
10.0.0.0 - network address
120 - administrative distance
1 - metric
11.0.0.1 - next hop address
00:00:19 - elapsed time
serial 0/0/0 - exit interface
Administrative distance of connected route = 0
Administrative distance of static route = 1
Administrative distance of RIP = 120
Summary route is used to summarize routes with the same next hop address or exit interface
For example,
R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/1] via 11.0.0.1, 00:00:19, Serial0/0/0
R 192.168.2.0/24 [120/1] via 11.0.0.1, 00:00:19, Serial0/0/0
R 192.168.3.0/24 [120/1] via 11.0.0.1, 00:00:19, Serial0/0/0
Can be summarized to
R 192.168.0.0/22 [120/1] via 11.0.0.1, 00:00:19, Serial0/0/0
Summary routes reduce routing entries and thus, making lookup faster. Lookup faster would mean routing faster.
Default routes are a form of static routes. They can be used for stub networks or last choice routes.
S* 0.0.0.0/0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
They match all packets
